Integrated adsorption and electrocoagulation for sustainable batik wastewater treatment: Synergistic optimization of pollutant removal
Keywords:
pollutants, COD, BOD, turbidity, degradationAbstract
The batik industry is an essential cultural and economic activity, yet it generates significant environmental challenges due to untreated wastewater containing synthetic dyes, heavy metals, and organic pollutants. These pollutants, resistant to conventional degradation methods, necessitate advanced and integrated treatment solutions. This study evaluates the combined application of adsorption and electrocoagulation for treating batik wastewater. Adsorption doses (10 g/L, 20 g/L, 30 g/L) using activated carbon and electrocoagulation at varying current densities (10 mA/cm², 20 mA/cm², 30 mA/cm²) were systematically analyzed for their effectiveness in removing chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and turbidity. Results revealed that higher adsorption doses and current densities improved removal efficiencies synergistically. Maximum removal efficiencies of 57% for COD, 46% for BOD, and 68% for turbidity were achieved under optimal conditions (30 g/L adsorption dose and 30 mA/cm² current density). These findings demonstrate the feasibility of an integrated adsorption-electrocoagulation approach as a scalable and sustainable solution for treating complex wastewater streams in the batik industry.
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